Selenium a cure for autoimmune thyroiditis?

Abstract

Autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) is a disease whose incidence has increased dramatically over the past few decades. In iodine sufficient areas, this pathological condition affects up to 5% of the general population. The higher incidence of AT observed in areas of the world with low-selenium (Se) soils apperas to be the consequence of a reduced activity of the intracellular Sedependent glutathione peroxidase activity. Se is involved, through selenoproteins, in the regulation of intracellular antioxidant, redox and anti-inflammatory processes. As a component of selenoproteins, Se exerts various structural and enzymatic functions. A low Se/high fat diet can cause selenoprotein changes and promote the expression of proinflammatory factors. In particular, it has been well recognized as an antioxidant and trace element catalyst essential in the production of thyroid hormone. Selenium is important for the functioning of the immune system. The recommended daily dose for adults of 55 μg