P015 Translational readthrough inducing drugs: a study of toxicity in mice models and in vitro safety validation of the specific readthrough process.

Abstract

Objective Nonsense mutations are responsible for 15% of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients due to the introduction of a premature stop codon (PTC) in the mRNA and the production of a truncated CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator) protein1. A promising therapeutic approach for stop mutations is the suppression therapy by Translational Readthrough Inducing Drugs (TRIDs) to restore the expression of the protein2,3. Recently three new TRIDS (NV848, NV914, NV930) have been proposed and validated by several assays. Our work was focused on TRIDs NV848, NV914, NV930. Important aspects of TRIDs to be evaluated are their specificity towards PTC, to demonstrate that TRIDs do not interfere with the normal translation process4 in vitro, and their in vivo toxicity in mice models, to assess their tolerability at high doses. Methods For the toxicity study, mice were treated with an acute dose as reported in standard protocols5, monitored and then sacrificed to collect organs. To study the effects of the TRIDs on natural termination codons (NTC) we have examined the molecular weight and functional activity of a panel of proteins. Results Acute toxicity studies evidenced that all three molecules used have been well tolerated in all subjects treated. Histological analyses have not shown any tissue damage. So, we can assess TRIDs are safe in vivo also at the high doses tested. About NTC preservation, experiments have not shown any impairment or dysfunction in all samples. Indeed, no aberrant protein form has been detected. Conclusions In conclusion, our experiments identified the acute dosage for each TRIDs and their tolerability also at elevated doses, encouraging to test their efficacy in in vivo CF models. Accordingly, the in vitro analyses have suggested that these TRIDs do not lead to jeopardise NTC integrity, assessing their promising use for PTC readthrough. Consequently, our results could be indicative of TRIDs safety in in vitro models, laying the basis for further investigations. Bibliography 1. Giordani B, Amato A, Majo F, Ferrari G, Quattrucci S, Minicucci L, Padoan R, Floridia G, Salvatore D, Carnovale V, Puppo Fornaro G, Taruscio D, Salvatore M; Gruppo di lavoro RIFC. Italian Cystic Fibrosis Registry (ICFR). Report 2015-2016]. Epidemiol Prev. 2019 Jul-Aug;43(4S1):1-36. 2. Pibiri I., A., Tutone, M., Lentini, L., Melfi, R., & DI LEONARDO, A. et al. Oxadiazole Derivatives For The Treatment Of Genetic Diseases Due To Nonsense Mutations, PCT Int. Appl. (2019), WO 2019/101709 A1 20190531. 3. Pibiri I, Melfi R, Tutone M, Di Leonardo A, Pace A, Lentini L. Targeting Nonsense: Optimization of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole TRIDs to Rescue CFTR Expression and Functionality in Cystic Fibrosis Cell Model Systems. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Sep 3;21(17):6420. doi: 10.3390/ijms21176420. PMID: 32899265; PMCID: PMC7504161 4. Grover R, Candeias MM, Fåhraeus R, Das S. p53 and little brother p53/47: linking IRES activities with protein functions. Oncogene. 2009 Jul 30;28(30):2766-72. doi: 10.1038/onc.2009.138. Epub 2009 Jun 1. PMID: 19483723. 5. OECD (1992). OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals No. 420: Acute Oral Toxicity Fixed Dose Method, 7pp. Paris, France: OECD.