Nocturnal obstructive respiratory events severity is associated with low parental quality

Abstract

Objective: Despite of the large prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in pediatric age, numerous aspects of its impact on day life and on parental quality are still poor studied and considered in the clinical management. The study evaluated the stress levels and copying styles in a large sample of mother of children with OSAS. Method: 374 mothers of children affected by OSAS (mOSAS) were compared with a group of mothers of 421 neurotypical healthy children (mTDC) for stress perceived stress levels and for coping strategies. Subjects were recruited from Italian Regions in Sicily, Campania, Calabria and Umbria. Results: Among both groups mOSAS and mTDC no differences were reported for children age (p=0.340), children gender (p=0.956), similarly for age of mothers (p=0.188). Discussion: The perceived stress assessment in mOSAS showed higher rate of all parental stress scores of PSI-SF: Parental Distress domain (p<0.001), Difficult Child subscale (p<0.001), Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction domain (p<0.001) and Total Stress subscale score (p <0.001) than mTDC. Regarding the CISS evaluation, mOSAS reported higher scores in emotion-oriented (p<0.001) and avoidance-oriented (p <0.001) scales, while low task-oriented coping style scale score was reported (p<0.001) than mTDC. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed significant values for AHI, ODI and mdes SpO2 for each scale of PSI-SF questionnaire, particularly relevant for P-CDI (p<0.001), DC (p<0.001) and Stress Tot (p<0.001). Conclusion: Pediatric OSAS tends to cause maternal high stress levels than controls, with a significant correlation between respiratory parameters and all PSI-SF scores. Moreover, mothers of affected children showed significantly differences in emotion-oriented and avoidance-oriented coping tasks. The present study suggested the importance of evaluation for caregivers of children affected by OSAS.