Autism spectrum disorders in children affected by Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Abstract

Objective Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive neuromuscular condition that has a high rate of cognitive and learning disabilities as well as neurobehavioral disorders, some of which have ben associated with disruption of dystrophin isoforms. Recent studies have pointed to an increased risk for intellectual disability and autism among affected males.The aim of the present study was to describe a case series of children with DMD that have also the presence of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). they have been assessed by means of standardized autism scales and the monst appropriate psycho-educational treatment is herein discussed. Methods and Results In order to evaluate and identify the presence and intensity of autistic symptoms have been used the childhood autism rating Scale and autism diagnostic Observation Schedule tools. Moreover, in order to assess the intelligence of subjects and their lower limb function, Wisch-r intelligence scale and Vignos function scale were used, respectively. Atypical behaviors included a preference for being alone, and selective interest in privileged objects used in a stereotyped manner, motor fretting, and attention instability were present in all children. By the administration of these scales was confirmed the presence of ADSs in all subjects. Conclusion It is important for clinical practice to consider this association increased.