"Fortunata e Giacinta": estudio de una traducción.

Abstract

Fortunata e Giacinta. Storia di due donne maritate, the first and only italian translation of Galdós's novel, was published in Florence in 1926, for the publisher Adriano Salani, translated by Silvia Baccani Giani. The volume presents already to the first sight his peculiarity: the reduction of the textual substance that, after an analysis, forms a text that corresponds approximately to a third part with regard to the original Spanish. In Fortunata e Giacinta, the manipulations and the practised suppressions, beside revealing an interest especially to guarantee the comprehension on the part of the reader of the development of the argument, essentially are tacking a system of references with regard to the cultural procedure of the epoch, as well as to the ideological filters, immediately after economic, social and historical, clear or even personal conditionings or inconcientes in the translator and in the publisher. The alterations and manipulations effected by the italian translator answer to a practice of the translation that with Antoine Berman we have been called 'ethnocentric' and 'hypertextual', coerente, in addition, with the cultural program of a political system as the carried out one for the Italian Fascism, between the will "to 'popularize" them classic, both of the Italian literature and of the foreigner, and the need to suppress a possible 'popularization' on the part of cultural 'different' models. Far from revealing an ethical aim, that is to say, to receive in the mother language the literality of the original work, in the ideas of Berman, Fortunata e Giacinta undoubtedly translates senses, stopping to fall the weight of the words, his carnality, though filling of alteridad and significance.