RIFIUTI E CITTA' STORICA. IL PAESAGGIO URBANO E L’IMPATTO DELLE SOLUZIONI TECNOLOGICHE

Abstract

Circular management of resource flows is an operational problem that appears with greater severity in an historical urban landscape due to the constraints generated by road fabrics and by the need to protect its values. It often happens that the degradation generated by the irresolute nature of the technical-environmental issues related to the service management, affects both the vulnerability of the historical city characters and the involvement of different actors. Here, we present the results of a research work that, through a case study, develops the experimentation of a methodology that identifies criteria for a waste collection system planning in an urban landscape of high historical and artistic value. The planning of the operational phase involves the installation of several devices essential for the correct management of waste collection, in terms of comfort for the user who gives the consumed material and for the administration that must dispose of it. The experimented methodology is divided into three phases: analysis, hypothesis and evaluation, each indispensable for the development of the next phase and all complementary to each other. The reading of the urban system brings out the tangible and intangible specificities by which it is characterized and is aimed at their preservation and enhancement. The morphological-structural components are analyzed in their environmental and technological system and the cultural and immaterial components through a qualitative and -quantitative study that assesses the presence and the influence degree on the territory of observation criteria relating to the perceptive, symbolic and cultural areas.Reference is made to an elaborate information system aimed at a preliminary analysis of the morphological and infrastructural characteristics of historical cities both above and below street level. In particular, the knowledge of the place is aimed at preserving the landscape-perceptive factors of the buildings, wishing to have a positive impact on the service management, through occasions of physical recovery of urban spaces as well as infrastructure recovery. If the physical elements of the urban system are objectively visible and measurable, the ideological sphere has been enriched by memories and values in successive events and actions, which today provide a physical space with a concentration of non-tangible, non-visible and therefore non-measurable characters. We use a multi-criteria evaluation that is able to simultaneously consider several evaluation criteria with different dimensions, allowing us to take into account the elements of social impact that cannot be expressed in numeric terms. In an urban area with a strong historical and cultural connotation, in particular, the rethinking of a new waste flow management can become an opportunity for the redevelopment of the area and the context around it, both from a physical-morphological point of view and from a social point of view, involving the user as an active part in a process of environment renewal. These opportunities can be generated upon the condition that the new planning preserves the sensitive characteristics of the urban landscape. The impact of configured scenarios is evaluated using criteria and sub-criteria which aim to ascertain in advance if the necessary transformations for their realization can determine an alteration to the existing site and the possible degree of tolerance for their acceptability.