Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy
- Autori: Aab A; Abreu P; Aglietta M; Ahn E J; Al Samarai I; Albuquerque I F M; Allekotte I; Allison P; Almela A; Alvarez Castillo J; Alvarez-Muñiz J; Alves Batista R; Ambrosio M; Aminaei A; Anastasi G A; Anchordoqui L; Andringa S; Aramo C; Arqueros F; Arsene N; Asorey H; Assis P; Aublin J; Avila G; Awal N; Badescu A M; Baus C; Beatty J J; Becker K H; Bellido J A; Berat C; Bertaina M E; Bertou X; Biermann P L; Billoir P; Blaess S G; Blanco A; Blanco M; Blazek J; Bleve C; Blümer H; Boháčová M; Boncioli D; Bonifazi C; Borodai N; Brack J; Brancus I; Bretz T; Bridgeman A; Brogueira P; Buchholz P; Bueno A; Buitink S; Buscemi M; Caballero-Mora K S; Caccianiga B; Caccianiga L; Candusso M; Caramete L; Caruso R; Castellina A; Cataldi G; Cazon L; Cester R; Chavez A G; Chiavassa A; Chinellato J A; Chudoba J; Cilmo M; Clay R W; Cocciolo G; Colalillo R; Coleman A; Collica L; Coluccia M R; Conceição R; Contreras F; Cooper M J; Cordier A; Coutu S; Covault C E; Cronin J; Dallier R; Daniel B; Dasso S; Daumiller K; Dawson B R; de Almeida R M; de Jong S J; De Mauro G; de Mello Neto J R T; De Mitri I; de Oliveira J; de Souza V; Del Peral L; Deligny O; Dhital N; Di Giulio C; Di Matteo A; Diaz J C; Díaz Castro M L; Diogo F; Dobrigkeit C; Docters W; D'Olivo J C; Dorofeev A; Dorosti Hasankiadeh Q; Dos Anjos R C; Dova M T; Ebr J; Engel R; Erdmann M; Erfani M; Escobar C O; Espadanal J; Etchegoyen A; Falcke H; Fang K; Farrar G; Fauth A C; Fazzini N; Ferguson A P; Fick B; Figueira J M; Filevich A; Filipčič A; Fratu O; Freire M M; Fujii T; García B; Garcia-Gamez D; Garcia-Pinto D; Gate F; Gemmeke H; Gherghel-Lascu A; Ghia P L; Giaccari U; Giammarchi M; Giller M; Głas D; Glaser C; Glass H; Golup G; Gómez Berisso M; Gómez Vitale P F; González N; Gookin B; Gordon J; Gorgi A; Gorham P; Gouffon P; Griffith N; Grillo A F; Grubb T D; Guarino F; Guedes G P; Hampel M R; Hansen P; Harari D; Harrison T A; Hartmann S; Harton J L; Haungs A; Hebbeker T; Heck D; Heimann P; Herve A E; Hill G C; Hojvat C; Hollon N; Holt E; Homola P; Hörandel J R; Horvath P; Hrabovský M; Huber D; Huege T; Insolia A; Isar P G; Jandt I; Jansen S; Jarne C; Johnsen J A; Josebachuili M; Kääpä A; Kambeitz O; Kampert K H; Kasper P; Katkov I; Keilhauer B; Kemp E; Kieckhafer R M; Klages H O; Kleifges M; Kleinfeller J; Krause R; Krohm N; Kuempel D; Kukec Mezek G; Kunka N; Kuotb Awad A W; Lahurd D; Latronico L; Lauer R; Lauscher M; Lautridou P; Le Coz S; Lebrun D; Lebrun P; Leigui de Oliveira M A; Letessier-Selvon A; Lhenry-Yvon I; Link K; Lopes L; López R; López Casado A; Louedec K; Lucero A; Malacari M; Mallamaci M; Maller J; Mandat D; Mantsch P; Mariazzi A G; Marin V; Mariş I C; Marsella G; Martello D; Martinez H; Martínez Bravo O; Martraire D; Masías Meza J J; Mathes H J; Mathys S; Matthews J; Matthews J A J; Matthiae G; Maurizio D; Mayotte E; Mazur P O; Medina C; Medina-Tanco G; Meissner R; Mello V B B; Melo D; Menshikov A; Messina S; Micheletti M I; Middendorf L; Minaya I A; Miramonti L; Mitrica B; Molina-Bueno L; Mollerach S; Montanet F; Morello C; Mostafá M; Moura C A; Muller M A; Müller G; Müller S; Navas S; Necesal P; Nellen L; Nelles A; Neuser J; Nguyen P H; Niculescu-Oglinzanu M; Niechciol M; Niemietz L; Niggemann T; Nitz D; Nosek D; Novotny V; Nožka L; Núñez L A; Ochilo L; Oikonomou F; Olinto A; Pacheco N; Pakk Selmi-Dei D; Palatka M; Pallotta J; Papenbreer P; Parente G; Parra A; Paul T; Pech M; Pȩkala J; Pelayo R; Pepe I M; Perrone L; Petermann E; Peters C; Petrera S; Petrov Y; Phuntsok J; Piegaia R; Pierog T; Pieroni P; Pimenta M; Pirronello V; Platino M; Plum M; Porcelli A; Porowski C; Prado R R; Privitera P; Prouza M; Quel E J; Querchfeld S; Quinn S; Rautenberg J; Ravel O; Ravignani D; Reinert D; Revenu B; Ridky J; Risse M; Ristori P; Rizi V; Rodrigues de Carvalho W; Rodriguez Rojo J; Rodríguez-Frías M D; Rogozin D; Rosado J; Roth M; Roulet E; Rovero A C; Saffi S J; Saftoiu A; Salazar H; Saleh A; Salesa Greus F; Salina G; Sanabria Gomez J D; Sá
- Anno di pubblicazione: 2016
- Tipologia: Articolo in rivista
- OA Link: http://hdl.handle.net/10447/466590
Abstract
We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8±0.7(stat)±6.7(syst) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principles calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.