Biophilic Architecture and the New Paradigm Building-Man-Environment

Abstract

The concept of biophilic design is based on a wide variety of experiences ranging from physical, sensory, metaphorical, morphological, and material to spiritual. Certain elements (such as air, daylight, plants, and landscapes) offer opportunities to develop design strategies with multiple benefits, particularly to enhance health and well-being, productivity, increase biodiversity, circularity, and resilience of the built environment. Investigating the human-nature relationship is, therefore, the task of biophilic design, which constitutes a new frontier in green building aiming to improve collective well-being in human environments and to restore, through the incorporation of greenery, a general sense of fulfillment to those who inhabit architecture. Moreover, through the use of passive and active design strategies, an optimal balance between living comfort, energy savings, and environmental respect can be achieved. This contribution aims to present the genesis of biophilic architecture, its principles, and how these are applied in design. To verify the results of this approach, a method for the multiparametric evaluation of the effects of design, based on the principles of biophilic architecture in terms of living comfort and environmental sustainability, is also proposed. Biophilic architecture not only responds to the immediate and practical needs of creating healthier and more engaging spaces but also aligns with broader environmental and societal goals. By fostering deeper connections between individuals and the natural environment, it encourages a more mindful and sustainable way of living and working. This approach has the potential to transform urban landscapes, making them more resilient to environmental challenges such as climate change and urban heat islands, while also enhancing the mental and physical health of the inhabitants.