Rediscovery of cement tiles : materials and manufacturing technologies between tradition and innovation

Abstract

Following the Industrial Revolution, which facilitated the rise of the bourgeoisie class across all Europe, a revolutionary technique of floor tile manufacture emerged. According to the new vogue and the desire of the novel classes to compete with the old ruling ones, these tiles were designed to embellish their residences in a cheap but highly decorative way. This paper presents the findings of a study on the traditional technological system used to produce cement tiles, (locally called “cementine”). Remarkably, that artisanal production approach has survived to the present day, integrating seamlessly with modern industrial developments. It stands as a hallmark of excellence, both in the fields of architectural restoration and in the innovative applications within the contemporary construction industry. The study offers a comprehensive historical overview, tracing the origins and evolution of that traditional flooring system, which gained widespread use in Europe, and Sicily as well, during the early 20th century. The various types of cement tiles are identified and examined, from the original catalogues to the contemporary production lines, along with properties and performance. The aim of this paper is reporting a traditional paving system and its potential for reinterpretation in a sustainable contemporary framework. Finally, this research will provide practical tools for architects, designers, and restoration specialists interested in the field. By detailing processes that are both efficient and capable of delivering high-quality outcomes, the study outlines actionable methods for the production and installation of cement tiles. These methods aim to balance traditional craftsmanship with modern technological advancements, ensuring their relevance in contemporary architecture and construction sectors.