Molecular profile study of extracellular vesicles for the identification of useful small “hit” in cancer diagnosis
- Authors: Alberti G.; Sanchez-Lopez C.M.; Andres A.; Santonocito R.; Campanella C.; Cappello F.; Marcilla A.
- Publication year: 2021
- Type: Recensione in rivista
- OA Link: http://hdl.handle.net/10447/527724
Abstract
Tumor-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the main mediators of cell-cell communication, permitting cells to exchange proteins, lipids, and metabolites in varying physiological and pathological conditions. They contain signature tumor-derived molecules that reflect the intracellular status of their cell of origin. Recent studies have shown that tumor cell-derived EVs can aid in cancer metastasis through the modulation of the tumor microenvironment, suppression of the immune system, pre-metastatic niche formation, and subsequent metastasis. EVs can easily be isolated from a variety of biological fluids, and their content makes them useful biomarkers for the diagnosis, prog-nosis, monitorization of cancer progression, and response to treatment. This review aims to explore the biomarkers of cancer cell-derived EVs obtained from liquid biopsies, in order to understand cancer progression and metastatic evolution for early diagnosis and precision therapy.