Vector-borne and zoonotic infections and their relationships with regional and socioeconomic statuses: An ID-IRI survey in 24 countries of Europe, Africa and Asia
- Authors: Saydam F.N.; Erdem H.; Ankarali H.; El-Arab Ramadan M.E.; El-Sayed N.M.; Civljak R.; Pshenichnaya N.; Moroti R.V.; Mahmuodabad F.M.; Maduka A.V.; Mahboob A.; Prakash Kumari P.H.; Stebel R.; Cernat R.; Fasanekova L.; Uysal S.; Tasbakan M.; Arapovic J.; Magdalena D.I.; Angamuthu K.; Ghanem-Zoubi N.; Meric-Koc M.; Ruch Y.; Marino A.; Sadykova A.; Batirel A.; Khan E.A.; Kulzhanova S.; Al-Moghazi S.; Yegemberdiyeva R.; Nicastri E.; Pandak N.; Akhtar N.; Ozer-Balin S.; Cascio A.; Dimzova M.; Evren H.; Puca E.; Tokayeva A.; Vecchi M.; Bozkurt I.; Dogan M.; Dirani N.; Duisenova A.; Khan M.A.; Kotsev S.; Obradovic Z.; Del Vecchio R.F.; Almajid F.; Barac A.; Dragovac G.; Pishmisheva-Peleva M.; Rahman M.T.; Rahman T.; Le Marechal M.; Cag Y.; Ikram A.; Rodriguez-Morales A.J.
- Publication year: 2021
- Type: Articolo in rivista
- OA Link: http://hdl.handle.net/10447/534442
Abstract
Background: In this cross-sectional, international study, we aimed to analyze vector-borne and zoonotic infections (VBZI), which are significant global threats. Method: VBZIs’ data between May 20–28, 2018 was collected. The 24 Participatingcountries were classified as lower-middle, upper-middle, and high-income. Results: 382 patients were included. 175(45.8%) were hospitalized, most commonly in Croatia, Egypt, and Romania(P = 0.001). There was a significant difference between distributions of VBZIs according to geographical regions(P < 0.001). Amebiasis, Ancylostomiasis, Blastocystosis, Cryptosporidiosis, Giardiasis, Toxoplasmosis were significantly more common in the Middle-East while Bartonellosis, Borreliosis, Cat Scratch Disease, Hantavirus syndrome, Rickettsiosis, Campylobacteriosis, Salmonellosis in Central/East/South-East Europe; Brucellosis and Echinococcosis in Central/West Asia; Campylobacteriosis, Chikungunya, Tick-borne encephalitis, Visceral Leishmaniasis, Salmonellosis, Toxoplasmosis in the North-Mediterranean; CCHF, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Dengue, Malaria, Taeniasis, Salmonellosis in Indian Subcontinent; Lassa Fever in West Africa. There were significant regional differences for viral hemorrhagic fevers(P < 0.001) and tick-borne infections(P < 0.001), and according to economic status for VBZIs(P < 0.001). The prevalences of VBZIs were significantly higher in lower-middle income countries(P = 0.001). The most similar regions were the Indian Subcontinent and the Middle-East, the Indian Subcontinent and the North-Mediterranean, and the Middle-East and North-Mediterranean regions. Conclusions: Regional and socioeconomic heterogeneity still exists for VBZIs. Control and eradication of VBZIs require evidence-based surveillance data, and multidisciplinary efforts.