Immunogenicity and safety of a quadrivalent meningococcal tetanus toxoid-conjugate vaccine (MenACYW-TT): A review of the evidence and expert opinion

Abstract

Introduction: Serogroups A, B, C, W, X, and Y of Neisseria meningitidis are responsible for almost all cases of invasive meningococcal disease. In Italy, vaccination against serogroup B is recommended at 3-13 months, C at 13-15 months, and A, C, Y and W in adolescents (12-18 years). Four quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccines are available. This review describes the available data on a quadrivalent meningococcal tetanus toxoid-conjugate vaccine (MenACYW-TT; MenQuadfi®; Sanofi). Areas covered: We identified articles on quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccines indexed on PubMed since 2000. Of the 524 studies identified, 10 human studies investigating the immunogenicity and safety of MenACYW-TT in toddlers, children aged 2-9 years, and individuals 10-55 or ≥56 years are described in detail. Expert opinion: In Italy, pediatric and public health groups recommend amending the current vaccination schedule to include a booster dose between 6 and 9 years and quadrivalent vaccine in young adults (≥19 years), targeting waning protection after childhood vaccination and the age cohort with the highest carrier prevalence (adolescents and young adults). MenACYW-TT is a suitable meningococcal vaccine for current and pending recommendations based on high seroprotection rates and a low incidence of adverse events in these age groups. Moreover, it does not require reconstitution.